I don't see how you can do any kind of study without a systematic data collection tool. Don't quote me on this, but > 0.7 is approximately the minimum requirement > 0.9 is ideal. Search the literature to find if others have used the measurement and if the tool is valid and reliable.
Usually, it's best to use a measurement that has already been proven to be reliable and valid. and most researchers use several measures of reliability. For example, if you are measuring blood pressure, is the machine consistently correct? Or is it calibrated one moment and uncalibrated the next? Or were several BP machines used with different calibrations.? There are also different kinds of reliability. Reliability means that you consistently measure the same thing. It's best to include a few different kinds of validity to demonstrate validity. There are different kinds of validity - content validity, construct validity, and so on. For example, if you wanted to measure stress and used blood pressure as a measure of stress, the validity of this measure would depend on how much BP is KNOWN to be related to stress. Validity means that you are actually measuring what you intend to measure. What is your research question and what is it that you are actually trying to measure? To answer your question, I need more information. How will I measure or ensure the validity and reliability of my research? But I gather data through charts review of the patients. However I'm not using questionnaire or interview as my instrument to gather data. I'm currently conducting a research specifically a retrospective study.
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